by Caroline Clemmons
One
of my favorite Charles Dickens works is TALE OF TWO CITIES. If you’ve
forgotten, it begins “It was the best of times. It was the worst of times.”
Those lines describe a lot of life, don’t they?
They remind me of research. Writing, especially historic novels,
requires extensive research. This is the worst because of the time involved.
This is the best because those of us who write about history love, love, love
researching our time period.
For
instance, I am writing the third of my Men of Stone Mountain series, BLUEBONNET
BRIDE. My heroine, Rose, wants to use a sewing machine she discovers in the
home she’d just purchased in 1872 Texas. Is it a hand- crank machine or
treadle? What kind of machine is it? Does it have a nice cabinet? What does it
look like?
We
live in a wonderful age, so I didn’t have to stop writing, change clothes, do
my makeup, curl my hair, or drive anywhere. I own a reproduction 1897 Sears
Catalog, but that is way too late for this series. So, I relied on the
handy-dandy internet. Fortunately, there was plenty of information, complete
with photos.
Imagine my surprise to learn that a good product does not
necessarily equate success. The first functional sewing machine was invented by
the French tailor, Barthelemy Thimonnier, in 1830. Thimonnier's machine used
only one thread and a hooked needle that made the same chain stitch used with
embroidery. Sounds good, but not for him. The inventor was almost killed by an
enraged group of French tailors who burnt down his garment factory because they
feared unemployment as a result of his new invention!
Despite
a further flurry of minor inventions in the 1840s, most Americans will claim
that the sewing machine was invented by Massachusetts farmer Elias Howe who
completed his first prototype in 1844. Yet perhaps the essentials of a modern
machine had come together in early 1844 when Englishman John Fisher invented a
machine which, although designed for the production of lace, was essentially a
working sewing machine. [Possibly because of miss-filing at the patent office,
this invention was overlooked during the long legal arguments between Singer
and Howe as to the origins of the sewing machine.]
Howe’s
was patented in 1845 and Howe set about trying to interest the tailoring trade
in his invention. He even arranged a competition with his machine set against
the finest hand sewers in America. The machine won hands down but the world
wasn't ready for mechanized sewing or its hefty $300 price tag. Despite months
of demonstrations, he had still not made a single sale.
After failing to sell his machine in America, Howe tried England.
Corset maker William Thomas eventually bought the rights to the invention for
£250 and arranged for Elias to come to London to further develop the machine.
The two did not work well together, each accusing the other of failing to honor
agreements and eventually Elias, now almost penniless, returned to America.
When
he arrived home he found that the sewing machine had finally caught on and that
dozens of manufacturers, including Singer, were busy manufacturing
machines--all of which defied the Howe patents. Howe sued Singer for patent
infringement using funds from a mortgage taken out on his father’s farm. In
1854, eight years after patenting his sewing machine, Howe was victorious in
defending his rights to the lockstitch. He won his patent lawsuit against
Singer. All companies that were using his invention were now forced to pay him
royalties.
Sewing
machines did not go into mass production until the 1850's, when Isaac Singer
built the first commercially successful machine. Singer built the first sewing
machine where the needle moved up and down rather than side-to-side and the
needle was powered by a foot treadle. Previous machines were all hand-cranked.
Woo Hoo, this was the information I needed! But, being addicted to research, I
couldn’t stop reading.
When
most of us think of sewing machines, we probably think of Singer. I learned
that the real development Isaac Singer made was the credit payment plan, what
he called the hire-purchase, where a customer could buy the machine and use it
while paying for it. I had erroneously thought the “buy now, pay later” system
was a modern thing, like credit cards. Nope, Singer came up with it. In fact,
Singer did not invent any notable sewing-machine advances, but he pioneered the
hire-purchase system and aggressive sales tactics. Both Singer and his
competitor-turned partner, the formerly penniless Howe, ended their days as
multi-millionaires. I love a happy ending, don’t you?
Since
I do, let me tell you about my new release, HIGH STAKES BRIDE, Men of Stone
Mountain, Book Two. I guarantee a happy ending. The fun is discovering how we
get there, isn’t it? Here’s the book’s blurb:
Mary
Alice Price is on the run from dangerous men. She had known that when her
stepfather died, she would have to hurriedly escape her stepbrothers. Hadn’t
she heard them promise her to the meanest man in Texas as payment for high
stakes gambling losses? One misfortune after another devils her until she links
up with Zach Stone. He looks sturdy as his last name and invites her to his
ranch where his two aunts will chaperone them. She figures life finally dealt
her a winning hand.
Zach
Stone has the sweetest ranch in all of Texas, at least he thinks he does. All
he needs is a wife to build his family of boys and girls to carry on his ranch
and name. He’s been jilted and vows he will never even speak to a woman again
unless she's a relative. Then he comes across Alice Price and comes up with a
crazy plan. He’s figured everything out, and is sure nothing can go wrong with
his plan.
But
life holds surprises for Alice and Zach...
Here’s
an excerpt:
Zach slipped into the bedroll and waited, pistol in
hand. He feigned sleep, wondering what kind of man tarried nearby. Whoever it
was could have picked Zach off, so the sidewinder must not have murder on his
mind.
Probably up to no good hiding out like that, though,
because any Westerner would share his campfire and vittles with anyone who rode
into camp. Zach wriggled into a comfortable spot and lay motionless. Anger at
recent events helped him remain awake.
The footfalls came so softly he almost missed them.
He opened his eyes a slit, but enough to see a thin shadow move toward the
fire. About then heavy clouds overhead parted and the moonlight revealed a boy
who scooped up a slice of bacon and slid it into his mouth.
The culprit set Zach’s tin plate on the ground near
the fire, ladled beans into it, and picked up a fork. He squatted down and
balanced the plate on his knees before he commenced eating. Zach noticed he
kept his left hand in his pocket the whole time.
Something must be wrong with the thief’s left
arm. Looked too young for it to have
been a casualty of the War. Lots of other ways to get hurt out here. Whatever
had happened to his left arm, his right one worked well enough. He forked food
into his mouth like he hadn’t eaten in a week.
Zach let him shovel beans for a few minutes. Crook
or not, anyone that hungry deserved a meal. When the kid stopped eating, Zach
couldn’t figure out what he was doing. It
looked as if he used the fork to scratch around on the ground, so he must have
eaten his fill. Zach slipped his hand from beneath the cover and cocked the
pistol.
“Hold it right there, son. I’d like to know why
you’re eating without at least a howdy to the man who provided the food.”
The boy paused, then set the plate down slowly. “I
left money here on a rock to pay for it.”
Odd sounding voice, but the kid was probably scared.
Zach slipped from his bedroll and stood, but kept his gun pointed at the food
robber. “Maybe.”
Zach walked toward the kid, careful to train his
gaze so the firelight didn’t dim his eyesight. Sure enough, he spotted a couple
of coins on the rock beside his pot of beans, or what remained of them, and his
empty plate.
He faced the intruder. “Why not just come into camp
earlier instead of sneaking in after you thought I was asleep?”
“I—I was afraid you weren’t friendly.”
Zach thought he also heard the kid mutter what
sounded like “...or maybe too friendly.” Must be the wind, he thought, as he
neared the boy.
Zach motioned with his free hand. “I don’t begrudge
anyone food, but I hate dishonesty and sneaking around. Stand up so I can see you.”
The kid stood, hat low over his face and his good
hand clenched.
Zach reached to push the brim back. “What’s your
name?”
The kid stepped forward. “None of your business,
mister.”
A fistful of sand hit Zach’s face. He heard his
assailant run. Mad as the devil, Zach brushed grit from his eyes and set out in
pursuit. The kid was fast, he’d give him that, but so was Zach. His longer legs
narrowed the distance between them. With
a running lunge, he tackled the kid.
“Oof. Let me go.” The lad was all wriggles and
kicking feet as he squirmed trying to escape.
Zach wasn’t about to let that happen. They rolled in
the dirt. In one move Zach pinned the boy’s good arm. The hat fell aside and a
mass of curls spilled around the kid’s face.
His jacket parted and unmistakable curves pushed
upward where Zach’s other hand rested. Zach stared in disbelief. Registering his
hand pressed against a heavenly mound shocked him and he jerked his paw away.
“Well, I’ll be damned. You’re not a boy.”
Did
that capture your interest? I hope so. Here are the buy links:
PRINT:
E-BOOK:
AmazonKindle
Thanks
to Anna Kathryn for having me as her guest today.
Thanks
to you, readers, for stopping by!
Caroline
Clemmons lives in North Central Texas with her personal hero husband and a
menagerie of rescued pets. When she’s not writing, she enjoys spending time
with family, reading, travel, browsing antique malls, genealogy, and an
occasional nap. You can learn more about her at www.carolineclemmons.com or stop
by her blog at http://carolineclemmons.blogspot.com.
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewing_machine
http://inventors.about.com/od/sstartinventions/a/sewing_machine.htm
http://www.ismacs.net/sewing_machine_history.html
http://www.patentplaques.com/blog/?p=1537